Researchers at the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) have created an innovative “morphing” wheel that could transform mobility for both people and robots. This cutting-edge wheel is capable of switching between rigid and flexible states, allowing it to tackle diverse surfaces like stairs, curbs, and uneven terrain. Inspired by water droplets’ surface tension, the wheel adapts from solid to fluid as it encounters obstacles, enabling it to roll over objects up to 1.3 times its radius in height.

The design includes an outer chain-like hoop and spoke wires connected to the hub, with a sensor system that automatically adjusts the spokes’ stiffness based on the terrain. Potential applications include wheelchairs, unmanned delivery vehicles, and industrial or military robots.

In a demonstration, KIMM’s team showcased a prototype wheelchair with these wheels, which successfully ascended stairs with 18 cm steps while carrying a life-sized dummy. The wheels have also reached speeds of up to 30 kph, with the aim of eventually achieving 100 kph, similar to an average car’s speed.

This morphing wheel technology could greatly improve the mobility and adaptability of various robotic platforms, making them more versatile in complex environments.